↠ Statistics had been started with the origin of the development of the human society.
↠First comprehensie work on numerical interpretation of biological and social phenomenon is due to John Graunt, England, Book published in 1662.
↠Derived from the Latin word 'Status', Italian word 'Statista' and German word 'Statistik' each of which means a political state.
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Definition of Statistics:
1. Singular Sense by Croxton and Cowden: Statistics may be defined as the collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of numeric data.
2.Plural Sense by Horace Secrist: Statistics are aggregates of facts affected to a marked extent by multiplicity of causes, numerically expressed, enumerated or estimated according to he reasonable standard of accuracy, collected in a systematic manner for a predetermined purpose and placed in relation to each other.
- Aggregate of facts
- Affected by multiplicity of causes
- Numerically expressed
- Enumerated or estimated according to reasonable standards of accuracy
- Collected in a systematic manner
- Collected for a predetermined purpose
- Placed in relation to each other.
[All statistics are numerical statements of facts but all numeric statements of facts are not statistics]
- Statistics simplifies complexity of collected data.
- It presents facts and figures in a definite form.
- It helps in forecasting the future.
- It facilitates the comparison.
- It establishes the relationship between two or more variables.
- It helps in policy making decision.
- It hepls in testing of the hypothesis.
- It condenses the widely and voluminous data.
- It helps in classification of data.
- It helps to draw valid inferences or conclusions.
- Statistics in Physical Science
- Statistics in Biological Science
- Statistics in Industry
- Statstics in Economic Science
- Statistics in Social Science
- Statistics in Business and Management Science
- Statistics in Information Technology
- Statistics in Agriculture
- Statistics in Insurance
- Statistics in Education and Psychology
- Statistics does not deal with individuals
- Statistical laws are not exact
- Statistics is only a means
- Statistics is liable to be misused
- Statistics does not study qualitative phenomena.
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